Journal: Drug delivery and translational research

Article Title: Individually coated microneedles for co-delivery of multiple compounds with different properties

doi: 10.1007/s13346-018-0549-x

Figure Lengend Snippet: Representative coated microneedle (MN) arrays. Photographic images of representative arrays of MNs (A) individually coated with five different-colored dyes and (B) all coated with the same dye. Coated dyes are 1) soluble crystal violet dye, 2) blue-dyed nanoparticles (NPs), 3) azure color from the mixture of blue-dyed and yellow-dyed NPs, 4) yellow-dyed NPs, and 5) red-dyed NPs.

Article Snippet: The coating solution also contained different dye species which were coated individually on MNs in designed combinations and sequences to generate the desired pattern on MN patches: (i) water-soluble small molecule drugs were simulated by either fluorescein sodium salt (Fluo) or sulforhodamine B (SRhB); (ii) water-insoluble small molecule drugs were simulated by oil blue N (OB); (iii) macromolecular or protein drugs were simulated by fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled bovine serum albumin (BSA-FITC), which was synthesized as described previously [ 34 ] with modification (see Supplementary Information [SI] ); (iv) drug-loaded nanoparticles (NPs) were simulated by either color-dyed (red, blue, or yellow) polystyrene NPs (diameter 500 nm, Polybead, Polyscience, Warrington, PA), or fluorescent yellow-green polystyrene NPs (diameter 500 nm, Fluoresbrite, Polyscience, λ Ex /λ Em = 441/486 nm; see SI ).

Techniques:

Journal: Drug delivery and translational research

Article Title: Individually coated microneedles for co-delivery of multiple compounds with different properties

doi: 10.1007/s13346-018-0549-x

Figure Lengend Snippet: Co-delivery of free molecules and nanoparticles (NPs) in skin by a single microneedle (MN) patch. Schematic images showing the 5×5 pattern of MNs in a patch coated with (A1) free fluorescein sodium dye (Fluo) and fluorescently labeled nanoparticles (NPs), (C1) free sulforhodamine B dye (SRhB) and fluorescently labeled NPs, and (E1) free Fluo dye, free bovine serum albumin labeled with FITC (BSA sites) and fluorescently labeled NPs. Representative photographic images of porcine skin ex vivo (top view) showing the kinetic color change after applying a MN patch showing (A2–A6) the “emerging letter G” pattern, (C2–C6) the “disappearing letter π” pattern and (E2–E6) the disappearance of each of three different compounds over different time scales. The scale bar is 5 mm. Kinetic color change in panels (A, C, E) is quantified in panels (B, D, F), respectively. Data show mean ± S.D. (n = 4).

Article Snippet: The coating solution also contained different dye species which were coated individually on MNs in designed combinations and sequences to generate the desired pattern on MN patches: (i) water-soluble small molecule drugs were simulated by either fluorescein sodium salt (Fluo) or sulforhodamine B (SRhB); (ii) water-insoluble small molecule drugs were simulated by oil blue N (OB); (iii) macromolecular or protein drugs were simulated by fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled bovine serum albumin (BSA-FITC), which was synthesized as described previously [ 34 ] with modification (see Supplementary Information [SI] ); (iv) drug-loaded nanoparticles (NPs) were simulated by either color-dyed (red, blue, or yellow) polystyrene NPs (diameter 500 nm, Polybead, Polyscience, Warrington, PA), or fluorescent yellow-green polystyrene NPs (diameter 500 nm, Fluoresbrite, Polyscience, λ Ex /λ Em = 441/486 nm; see SI ).

Techniques: Labeling, Ex Vivo

Journal: Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

Article Title: Characterization of Nanoparticle Adsorption on Polydimethylsiloxane-Based Microchannels

doi: 10.3390/s21061978

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of pH on interaction energy profiles obtained for polystyrene nanoparticles (NPs) approaching the polydimethylsiloxane-based substrate surface. Insets show the expanded origin regions. ( a ) ϕEL pss and ϕEL pp for 100-nm polystyrene NPs. ( b ) ϕEL Total for 100-nm polystyrene NPs. ( c ) ϕEL pss and ϕEL pp for 250-nm polystyrene NPs. ( d ) ϕEL Total for 250-nm polystyrene NPs.

Article Snippet: Dispersions containing 100-nm and 250-nm polystyrene NPs at 7.6 × 10 10 particles/mL and 7.5 × 10 10 particles/mL, respectively, were prepared using 0.1 M phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solutions at pH 6, 7, or 8 (consisting of sodium dihydrogen phosphate and disodium hydrogen phosphate, as-purchased without the addition of acid or base to adjust pH; Fujifilm Wako Pure, Osaka, Japan).

Techniques:

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Cell size matters: nano- and micro-plastics preferentially drive declines of large marine phytoplankton due to co-aggregation

doi: 10.1101/2021.08.31.458382

Figure Lengend Snippet: Flow cytometric monitoring of natural phytoplankton communities exposed to 1) nanoplastics (NPs), or 2) microplastics (MPs) at a concentration of 0.00005-0.05 w/v for a period of 72 h. The impact of exposure on abundance of three distinct phytoplankton groups; picocyanobacteria, picoeukaryotes and nanophytoplankton is displayed in panels A-C. Data is presented as the mean ± standard deviation of triplicate samples. Markers indicate where two-way T-tests identified cell density to significantly vary between the untreated control and treated cultures at each timepoint (p≤0.05), respectively.

Article Snippet: After acclimation to experimental conditions, 20 mL of NSW was added to 25 cm 2 rectangular cell culture flasks (Falcon) with vented caps and subsequently spiked with different concentrations of spherical polystyrene NPs (Spherotech PP-008-10, 50-100 nm) or MPs (Spherotech PP-20-10, 2.29 µm) to produce test concentrations of 0, 0.00005%, 0.0005%.

Techniques: Concentration Assay, Standard Deviation

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Cell size matters: nano- and micro-plastics preferentially drive declines of large marine phytoplankton due to co-aggregation

doi: 10.1101/2021.08.31.458382

Figure Lengend Snippet: Relationship between cell volume and associated impact of A: NPs (0.001% w/v); B: MPs (0.001% w/v); and C: Cu 2+ (0-10 µM) exposure upon phytoplankton growth. Seven phytoplankton species were exposed to plastics: Prochlorococcus sp . MED4 (0.9 µm 3 ), Synechococcus sp . WH7803 (3.1 µm 3 ), Ostreococcus tauri OTH95 (9.2 µm 3 ), Micromonas sp . CMP2709 (33.5 µm 3 ), Phaeodactylum tricornutum CCMP2561 (50.0 µm 3 ), Thalassiosira pseudonana CCMP1335 (268.1 µm 3 ) and Emiliania huxleyi CCMP 1516 (523.6 µm 3 ).

Article Snippet: After acclimation to experimental conditions, 20 mL of NSW was added to 25 cm 2 rectangular cell culture flasks (Falcon) with vented caps and subsequently spiked with different concentrations of spherical polystyrene NPs (Spherotech PP-008-10, 50-100 nm) or MPs (Spherotech PP-20-10, 2.29 µm) to produce test concentrations of 0, 0.00005%, 0.0005%.

Techniques:

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Cell size matters: nano- and micro-plastics preferentially drive declines of large marine phytoplankton due to co-aggregation

doi: 10.1101/2021.08.31.458382

Figure Lengend Snippet: Photosynthetic efficiency (Fv/Fm) of marine phytoplankton exposed to NPs or MPs (0.001% w/v) as measured using a Phyto-PAM. Data is presented as the mean ± standard deviation (n=3). Markers indicate where photosynthetic efficiency significantly differed between control and treated cultures (two-way T-test, p≤0.05).

Article Snippet: After acclimation to experimental conditions, 20 mL of NSW was added to 25 cm 2 rectangular cell culture flasks (Falcon) with vented caps and subsequently spiked with different concentrations of spherical polystyrene NPs (Spherotech PP-008-10, 50-100 nm) or MPs (Spherotech PP-20-10, 2.29 µm) to produce test concentrations of 0, 0.00005%, 0.0005%.

Techniques: Standard Deviation